What is a Neuropsychological Evaluation?
A neuropsychological evaluation is an assessment of how one’s brain functions, which provides information about the underlying structural and functional integrity of the brain. Neuropsychological evaluations are typically requested to help understand how the different areas and systems of the brain are working, usually in the context of a symptom or complaint related to one’s thinking (e.g., learning and memory skills). Components of a neuropsychological evaluation involve a record review (e.g., medical records, school records), an interview with the patient, administration of standardized tests, analysis and integration of data and test findings, and a feedback session with a written report. Additionally, with the patient’s permission, family members or other knowledgeable persons may be interviewed and asked to share their perspective on the patient’s background and symptoms. The tests are typically pencil and paper type tests, along with computerized measures as well.
At Brain Health Partners, all aspects of the assessment are conducted by the neuropsychologist. Neuropsychological tests evaluate functioning across a number of functional areas and cognitive domains. A test battery is chosen depending on the referral question, the patient’s complaints and symptoms, and observations during the assessment process.
Neuropsychological tests are standardized. This means that they are administered in the same manner to all patients and scored in a similar manner. An individual’s tests scores are interpreted by comparing their performance to that of healthy individuals of a similar demographic background. Additionally, their scores are compared to the estimated or expected level of functioning for that specific individual (e.g., how they were functioning prior to an injury). Neuropsychologists are most interested in in patterns of performances that may suggest strengths and weaknesses, as opposed to single scores on tests. In turn, examining an individual’s cognitive profile can help in understanding the individual’s brain functioning.
What a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation includes
Neuropsychological evaluations tend to include assessment of the various domains of cognition, including sensation and perception, fine motor skills, visuospatial and constructional skills, attention and concentration, learning and memory, executive functioning (e.g., problem-solving, planning and organization, and multi-tasking), processing speed, and language skills. Evaluation of mood, behavior, and personality may also be included in a neuropsychological assessment.